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The Blessed Birth and Lineage of the Final Prophet ﷺ
Peace and blessings be upon our beloved Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, who was sent as the last Messenger of Allah to all of mankind. The Qur’an revealed to him is the final Divine Book, a complete guidance until the Day of Judgment. The life of the Prophet ﷺ is a perfect model for humanity, as Allah Himself declared: “Indeed, in the Messenger of Allah you have the best example.” (Qur’an 33:21).
The noble life of the Prophet ﷺ is therefore a source of eternal guidance, and every Muslim must take his biography as an essential part of their faith and practice.
The Birth of the Prophet ﷺ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was born in the spring season, on a Monday morning after dawn and before sunrise, on the 9th of Rabi‘ al-Awwal, in the Year of the Elephant (corresponding to April 20 or 22, 571 CE) in Makkah al-Mukarramah.
Monday held special importance throughout his blessed life. Ibn Abbas (RA) narrates that:
• He ﷺ was born on a Monday.
• He was granted Prophethood on a Monday.
• He migrated from Makkah on a Monday.
• He arrived in Madinah on a Monday.
• He departed this world on a Monday.
At the time of his birth, his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib, carried him into the Sacred Ka‘bah, supplicated for him, and gave him the name Muhammad ﷺ. On the seventh day, he invited his tribe for a feast in celebration. When people asked why he chose a unique name instead of the common names of the time, Abdul Muttalib replied: “I wished that my grandson would be praised and admired by all.” His mother, Amina (RA), had also named him Ahmad, a name mentioned in the Qur’an.
Allah, in Surah Al-Anbiya (21:107), described him as “a mercy for all the worlds.”
The Noble Lineage
The Prophet ﷺ’s lineage is recorded as: Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul Muttalib ibn Hashim ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusayy ibn Kilab ibn Murrah ibn Ka‘b ibn Lu’ayy ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr ibn Malik ibn al-Nazr ibn Kinanah ibn Khuzaymah ibn Mudrikah ibn Ilyas ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma‘ad ibn Adnan.
All historians agree that Adnan is from the descendants of Prophet Isma‘il (AS), the son of Prophet Ibrahim (AS).
The Prophet’s mother was Sayyidah Amina bint Wahb, a noblewoman of Quraysh. Both from his paternal and maternal sides, the Prophet ﷺ belonged to the most honorable families of Arabia.
The Ancestry and Role of Quraysh
The forefathers of the Prophet ﷺ were entrusted with the guardianship of the Ka‘bah and the leadership of Quraysh. His great-grandfather, Hashim, was renowned for his generosity and leadership. During a famine, he traveled to Palestine, brought provisions, and prepared food for the people of Makkah. This act earned him the title Hashim (the one who crushes bread into broth).
Hashim established the tradition of trade caravans: in summer to Syria and in winter to Yemen. This became a source of wealth and stability for Quraysh, as referenced in Surah Quraysh. He also built international relations, gaining respect from the emperors of Rome and Abyssinia.
Hashim’s son, Abdul Muttalib (the Prophet’s grandfather), rediscovered the Zamzam well after it had been buried for generations. He also made a vow that if he were blessed with ten sons, he would sacrifice one of them for Allah’s sake. When the time came, the lot fell upon Abdullah, the beloved father of the Prophet ﷺ. But through divine will, Abdullah’s life was spared after ransom was paid with one hundred camels.
Another significant event in Abdul Muttalib’s life was the Incident of the Elephant, when Abraha, the Abyssinian governor, marched with a great army to destroy the Ka‘bah. Allah protected His Sacred House by sending flocks of birds (Ababil) carrying stones of baked clay, destroying the army, as described in Surah Al-Fil.
The Prophet’s Parents
The Prophet’s father Abdullah ibn Abdul Muttalib, was deeply loved by his family.After marrying Amina (RA) he passed away during a trading journey leaving behind only a few camels goats and a servant woman named Umm Ayman (Barakah).He died before the birth of his son thus the Prophet ﷺ was born an orphan.
His mother Amina (RA) was known for her purity and dignity referred to as Sayyidat al-Nisa (the Lady among women) of Quraysh.
Foster Care in the Desert
Following the tradition of the Arabs, newborn children were sent to the desert to be raised in a pure and healthy environment. Initially, no wet nurse accepted the orphan child, as they expected no reward or gifts. Finally, Halima al-Sa‘diyyah was divinely guided to take the blessed child. Her husband agreed, saying: Perhaps Allah will place blessing in this child.
Indeed from the moment they took Muhammad ﷺ into their care Halima and her family witnessed endless blessings in their home animals and livelihood.
Conclusion
This was the beginning of the blessed life of our beloved Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, the final Messenger of Allah, whose life is an everlasting source of guidance and mercy for all mankind.In the following parts, more details of his early childhood, youth, Prophethood, and mission will be explored, Insha’Allah, so that
we may all draw lessons and guidance from his noble Seerah.
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